Normative standard
Current
Current Unicode character and property baseline.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- 17.0.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode17.0.0/
Normative standard
Current
Normative normalization algorithms and stability rules.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- Revision 58 / Unicode 17.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/
Normative standard
Current
Normative logical-to-visual ordering algorithm.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- Revision 51 / Unicode 17.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/
Normative standard
Current
Normative grapheme, word, and sentence boundary rules.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- Revision 47 / Unicode 17.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/
Normative standard
Current
Stable identifier, script, and confusable-security mechanisms.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- Revision 32 / Unicode 17.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr39/
Official guidance
Stable
Informative Unicode security guidance.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- Revision 10
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/
Normative standard
Current
Stable Unicode regular-expression guidance.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- Revision 25
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/
Normative standard
Current
Source-code-specific Unicode handling guidance.
- Publisher
- Unicode Consortium
- Version
- Latest stable
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- unicode.org
https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr55/
Primary research
Final publication
Peer-reviewed analysis of bidirectional source-code presentation attacks.
- Publisher
- USENIX Association
- Version
- USENIX Security 2023
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- usenix.org
https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity23/presentation/boucher
Normative standard
Current
Deterministic JSON serialization for hashing and signing.
- Publisher
- IETF / RFC Editor
- Version
- RFC 8785
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- rfc-editor.org
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8785.html
Normative standard
Living
Authoritative HTML parsing, DOM construction, and interaction rules.
- Publisher
- WHATWG
- Version
- Living Standard
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- html.spec.whatwg.org
https://html.spec.whatwg.org/
Normative standard
Living
Authoritative DOM tree and mutation model.
- Publisher
- WHATWG
- Version
- Living Standard
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- dom.spec.whatwg.org
https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/
Normative standard
Draft
Current CSSOM draft; implementation-sensitive rather than a finished Recommendation.
- Publisher
- W3C CSS Working Group
- Version
- Editor’s Draft
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- drafts.csswg.org
https://drafts.csswg.org/cssom/
Normative standard
Current
Current WAI-ARIA Recommendation.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- W3C Recommendation
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.2/
Normative standard
Draft
Newer draft work; not a replacement Recommendation yet.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- Working Draft
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.3/
Normative standard
Draft
Current 1.2 draft for accessible-name computation; status must not be described as a Recommendation.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- Working Draft
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/accname-1.2/
Normative standard
Draft
Platform accessibility mapping work; exact browser/OS output remains implementation-dependent.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- Working Draft
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/core-aam-1.2/
Normative standard
Current
Current WCAG Recommendation used for accessibility requirements.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- W3C Recommendation
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/
Normative standard
Current
Structured linked-data syntax and processing context.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- W3C Recommendation
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld11/
Normative standard
Draft
Current WebDriver remote-control specification draft.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- Working Draft
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver2/
Normative standard
Draft
Current bidirectional browser-automation specification draft.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- Working Draft
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/webdriver-bidi/
Implementation reference
Living
Chromium-specific accessibility instrumentation reference.
- Publisher
- Chromium Project
- Version
- Tip-of-tree protocol
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- chromedevtools.github.io
https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/tot/Accessibility/
Normative standard
Current
Current PDF 2.0 specification resource and errata path.
- Publisher
- PDF Association
- Version
- ISO 32000-2:2020
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- pdfa.org
https://pdfa.org/resource/iso-32000-2/
Normative standard
Current
Current ECMA OOXML specification edition.
- Publisher
- Ecma International
- Version
- 5th edition
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- ecma-international.org
https://ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-376/
Normative standard
Current
Current PNG Recommendation.
- Publisher
- W3C
- Version
- W3C Recommendation
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/TR/png-3/
Normative standard
Current
Current Exif specification listing.
- Publisher
- CIPA
- Version
- Exif 3.1 / 2026 translation
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- cipa.jp
https://www.cipa.jp/e/std/std-sec.html
Implementation reference
Current
Primary implementation reference for XMP metadata.
- Publisher
- Adobe
- Version
- Current specification index
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- developer.adobe.com
https://developer.adobe.com/xmp/docs/xmp-specifications/
Normative standard
Living
Authoritative media-type registry.
- Publisher
- IANA
- Version
- Registry
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- iana.org
https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/
Normative standard
Current
Internet message syntax baseline.
- Publisher
- IETF / RFC Editor
- Version
- RFC 5322
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- rfc-editor.org
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5322.html
Normative standard
Current
MIME content types and transfer encodings.
- Publisher
- IETF / RFC Editor
- Version
- RFC 2045
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- rfc-editor.org
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2045.html
Normative standard
Current
DKIM signing and verification requirements.
- Publisher
- IETF / RFC Editor
- Version
- RFC 6376, updated by RFC 8301 and RFC 8463
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- rfc-editor.org
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6376.html
Normative standard
Current
Current DMARC core protocol; obsoletes RFC 7489 and RFC 9091.
- Publisher
- IETF / RFC Editor
- Version
- Proposed Standard
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- rfc-editor.org
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9989.html
Normative standard
Current
ARC protocol specification.
- Publisher
- IETF / RFC Editor
- Version
- RFC 8617
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- rfc-editor.org
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8617.html
Normative standard
Current
Calendar object and recurrence baseline.
- Publisher
- IETF / RFC Editor
- Version
- RFC 5545
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- rfc-editor.org
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5545.html
Primary research
Final publication
Peer-reviewed SentencePiece design paper.
- Publisher
- ACL Anthology
- Version
- EMNLP 2018
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- aclanthology.org
https://aclanthology.org/D18-2012/
Primary research
Final publication
Peer-reviewed BPE-for-NMT paper.
- Publisher
- ACL Anthology
- Version
- ACL 2016
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- aclanthology.org
https://aclanthology.org/P16-1162/
Implementation reference
Living
Versioned implementation reference; not a universal tokenizer specification.
- Publisher
- OpenAI
- Version
- Repository
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- github.com
https://github.com/openai/tiktoken
Primary research
Preprint
Foundational indirect-prompt-injection threat analysis.
- Publisher
- arXiv
- Version
- arXiv:2302.12173
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- arxiv.org
https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12173
Primary research
Preprint
Agent-focused prompt-injection benchmark.
- Publisher
- arXiv
- Version
- arXiv:2403.02691
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- arxiv.org
https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.02691
Official guidance
Current
Current OWASP LLM prompt-injection risk entry.
- Publisher
- OWASP GenAI Security Project
- Version
- 2025
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- genai.owasp.org
https://genai.owasp.org/llmrisk/llm01-prompt-injection/
Official guidance
Living
Application-layer prompt-injection mitigation guidance.
- Publisher
- OWASP Cheat Sheet Series
- Version
- Current
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- cheatsheetseries.owasp.org
https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/LLM_Prompt_Injection_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html
Official guidance
Living
Agent capability, authorization, memory, and tool-boundary guidance.
- Publisher
- OWASP Cheat Sheet Series
- Version
- Current
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- cheatsheetseries.owasp.org
https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/AI_Agent_Security_Cheat_Sheet.html
Official guidance
Current
Current NIST adversarial-machine-learning taxonomy.
- Publisher
- NIST
- Version
- NIST AI 100-2e2025
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- csrc.nist.gov
https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/ai/100/2/e2025/final
Official guidance
Living
Adversarial AI tactics, techniques, mitigations, and case studies.
- Publisher
- MITRE
- Version
- Current knowledge base
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- atlas.mitre.org
https://atlas.mitre.org/
Primary research
Final publication
Peer-reviewed statistical LLM watermarking method.
- Publisher
- PMLR
- Version
- ICML 2023
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- proceedings.mlr.press
https://proceedings.mlr.press/v202/kirchenbauer23a.html
Primary research
Final publication
Peer-reviewed neural linguistic steganography research.
- Publisher
- ACL Anthology
- Version
- Findings of ACL 2021
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- aclanthology.org
https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-acl.268/
Primary research
Final publication
Peer-reviewed zero-shot linguistic steganography research.
- Publisher
- ACL Anthology
- Version
- NAACL 2024
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- aclanthology.org
https://aclanthology.org/2024.naacl-long.289/
Normative standard
Current
Current C2PA technical specification used by this review.
- Publisher
- C2PA
- Version
- 2.4
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- spec.c2pa.org
https://spec.c2pa.org/specifications/specifications/2.4/specs/C2PA_Specification.html
Official guidance
Current
Implementation guidance for C2PA 2.4.
- Publisher
- C2PA
- Version
- 2.4
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- spec.c2pa.org
https://spec.c2pa.org/specifications/specifications/2.4/guidance/Guidance.html
Official guidance
Current
Technical overview of provenance, watermarking, detection, and related limits.
- Publisher
- NIST
- Version
- NIST AI 100-4
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- nist.gov
https://www.nist.gov/publications/reducing-risks-posed-synthetic-content-overview-technical-approaches-digital-content
Primary research
Preprint
Primary image-hijack research; transfer claims remain model-specific.
- Publisher
- arXiv
- Version
- arXiv:2309.00236
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- arxiv.org
https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.00236
Official guidance
Current
Practical image-alternative decision guidance.
- Publisher
- W3C Web Accessibility Initiative
- Version
- Current WAI tutorial
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- w3.org
https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/images/decision-tree/
Normative standard
Current
Current SLSA specification.
- Publisher
- OpenSSF / SLSA
- Version
- 1.2
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- slsa.dev
https://slsa.dev/spec/v1.2/
Normative standard
Superseded
Historical SLSA release; retired in favor of newer versions.
- Publisher
- OpenSSF / SLSA
- Version
- 1.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- slsa.dev
https://slsa.dev/spec/v1.0/
Normative standard
Current
Current SPDX 3.x specification.
- Publisher
- Linux Foundation / SPDX
- Version
- 3.0.1
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- spdx.github.io
https://spdx.github.io/spdx-spec/v3.0.1/
Normative standard
Current
Current CycloneDX specification.
- Publisher
- OWASP CycloneDX / Ecma International
- Version
- 1.7
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- cyclonedx.org
https://cyclonedx.org/docs/1.7/json/
Normative standard
Superseded
Historical CycloneDX version; superseded by 1.7.
- Publisher
- OWASP CycloneDX / Ecma International
- Version
- 1.6
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- cyclonedx.org
https://cyclonedx.org/docs/1.6/json/
Official guidance
Living
Primary implementation guidance for Sigstore trust and transparency.
- Publisher
- Sigstore
- Version
- Current documentation
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- docs.sigstore.dev
https://docs.sigstore.dev/about/overview/
Official guidance
Current
Secure software-development practice framework.
- Publisher
- NIST
- Version
- SP 800-218
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- csrc.nist.gov
https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/sp/800/218/final
Official guidance
Current
Current NIST Cybersecurity Framework.
- Publisher
- NIST
- Version
- 2.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- nist.gov
https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework
Official guidance
Current
Current published AI RMF with revision work in progress.
- Publisher
- NIST
- Version
- AI RMF 1.0; revision underway
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- nist.gov
https://www.nist.gov/itl/ai-risk-management-framework
Official guidance
Living
Software-assurance maturity reference.
- Publisher
- OWASP
- Version
- Current model
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- owaspsamm.org
https://owaspsamm.org/model/
Normative standard
Current
Vulnerability-severity scoring specification; not an organizational-risk score.
- Publisher
- FIRST
- Version
- 4.0
- Checked
- 2026-08-27
- Host
- first.org
https://www.first.org/cvss/v4.0/specification-document